Postoperative clinicopathological features of the patients with micropapillary lung adenocarcinoma / 医学研究生学报

Objective　Studies are rarely reported on the factors influencing prognosis of surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern (LAC-MPP). This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors of surgically resected LAC-MPP. Methods　We retrospectively analyzed 384 cases of LAC treated in Henan Cancer Hospital between June 2015 and December 2017, which were classified into an MPP group (n = 82) and a non-MPP control group (n = 302) according to the results of postoperative pathology. We determined the expression of the fusion protein anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), analyzed its association with the clinicopathological features of LAC-MPP, and explored the risk factors of postoperative MPP. Results　Compared with the non-MPP group, the LAC-MPP patients showed a significantly higher expression of ALK (0.03% vs 12.20%, P < 0.05), rate of bronchial invasion (30.80% vs 48.78%, P < 0.05) and vascular tumor thrombus (0.99% vs 25.61%, P < 0.05), but a lower mutation rate of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (64.24% vs 51.22%, P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the expression of ALK, vascular tumor thrombus, and age were significantly associated with the risk of postoperative MPP. Conclusion　There is a high incidence rate of ALK expression in LAC-MPP patients after operation, which may provide some new ideas for the clinical treatment of the disease. Special attention should be paid to the expression of the ALK fusion protein and vascular tumor thrombus, and age in patients with LAC-MPP after operation.

Treatment of small cell lung cancer: Challenges and prospects / 医学研究生学报

Currently, chemotherapy remains the first- and second-line standard treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). line treatment strategies. In terms of targeted therapies, the antibody-conjugated drug lubbinectedin was granted Orphan Drug Designation by US FDA for its objective response rate of 39.3%. Goals have been achieved in the primary endpoint of progression-free survival, secondary endpoint overall survival and disease control rate of the third-line or further treatment of SCLC in phase-II ALTER 1202 trial of anlotinib, with satisfactory therapeutic results. Anlotinib maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy, anlotinib combined with immunotherapy, and identification of the population truly suitable for anlotinib treatment will be most important directions for the future studies.

Expression of phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 1A in different human colorectal cancer cells / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the significance of the expression of phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 1A(PPAPDC1A) in human colorectal cancer cell lines.Methods The high metastatic potential cells LOVO,SW620 and low metastatic potential cells SW480,RKO,HCT116 and DLD-1 were cultured,the expression of PPAPDC1A mRNA and protein in different colorectal cancer cells in logarithmic growth period was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Results There were significant differences in the expressions of PPAPDC1A mRNA and protein among the six human colorectal cancer cells (F =41.213,344.1 16;P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PPAPDC1 A mRNA and protein in highly metastatic potential cells LOVO and SW620 was significantly higher than that in DLD-1,HCT116,RKO and SW480 cells (P ＜0.05).The expression of PPAPDC1A protein in LOVO cells with high metastatic potential was significantly higher than that in SW620 cells(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PPAPDC1A protein in DLD-1 cells was significantly higher than that in HCT116,RKO and SW480 cells (P ＜0.05).The expression of PPAPDC1 A protein in HCT116 cells with low metastatic potential was significantly higher than that in RKO and SW480 cells (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PPAPDC1 A protein in RKO cells was significantly higher than that in SW480 cells (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of PPAPDC1A mRNA between LOVO and SW620 cells (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of PPAPDC1A mRNA between SW480,RKO,HCT116 and DLD-1 cells (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion PPAPDC1A expresses differentially in colorectal cancer cell lines,which may be involved in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Clinical study of submental artery island myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects following operation / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the outcome and indication of the reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial postoperative defects by submental artery island myocutaneous flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty eight cases with the reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial defects by submental artery island myocutaneous flaps from January 2006 to May 2010 were analysed retrospectively. Primary lesions included carcinomas originating from tongue (28 cases), palate (13 cases), mouth floor (9 cases), gingiva (4 cases), buccal mucosa (6 cases), lip (3 cases), and other malignant or benign tumors (5 cases). The ages ranged from 25 to 84 years (mean 58 years); 47 males and 21 females. The sizes of skin paddle varied from a minimum of 4 cm × 4 cm to a maximum of 15 cm × 10 cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 68 flaps, 62 were survival, 4 had partial necrosis but healed with treatments, and 2 failed due to complete necrosis. Appearance and functions of recipient sites were satisfactory. The followed-up time was 3 - 24 months, local recurrence occurred in 5 cases and cervical lymph node metastases were found in 15 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Submental island flap is reliable for the reconstruction of postoperative defects in early oral cancer without regional lymph node metastasis or in benign tumor.</p>

Comparison of the effect of rh-endostatin on intratumoral and myocardial micrangium in mice / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effect of rh-endostatin on micrangium in tumor and myocardial tissue in nude mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nude mice were randomized into 4 groups (10 mice in each group), blank control group (without tumor burden, received NS 100 µl×d(-1) injection), drug control group (without tumor burden, received rh-endostatin 400 µg×d(-1) injection), model group (with tumor burden, received NS 100 µl×d(-1) injection) and treatment group (with tumor burden, received rh-endostatin 400 µg×d(-1) injection) for 28 days. The tumor volume and body weight of the mice were measured before and after administration. The expression of CD34, MMP-2, MMP-9, HIF-1α and VEGF in the myocardium and tumor were detected by immunohistochemistry. The vascular structure was observed by immunoenzymatic CD34 and Masson double staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The increase of tumor volume of the treatment group [(48.18 ± 37.31) mm(3)] was significantly lower than that in the model group [(113.80 ± 73.27) mm(3)). The changes of body weight was not significant different among the four groups. After treated with rh-endostatin, the expressions of MMP-9 and VEGF in tumors were significantly down-regulated, but the expressions of MMP-2 and HIF-1α in the tumor were not. The microvessel density (MVD) in the tumors of treatment group was significantly decreased compared with that of model group. The proportion of tumor vessels covered by collagen in the treatment group was increased compared with that of the model group. However, MVD and micrangium in myocardium were not changed significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rh-endostatin can decrease the expression of MMP-9, VEGF and MVD, inhibit the tumor growth and normalize tumor micrangium in tumor but not weaken the MMPs and MVD of mature micrangium in myocadium.</p>

Correlation of genes associated with drug response to prognosis of large cell lung carcinoma / 癌症

Platinum-based chemotherapy remains the main treatment of advanced lung cancer. However, platinum resistance has become a major treatment obstacle. Novel therapies, particularly tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TKI) and agents that target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), have improved the treatment. Both chemotherapy and targeted therapy have their molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the mutation, amplification, or expression status and interrelationships of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), K-Ras proto-oncogene, excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1), and VEGF genes as well as their correlations to prognosis of large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) after EGFR-targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and anti-VEGF therapy. EGFR and K-Ras mutations in 60 specimens of LCLC were detected by direct DNA sequencing. EGFR, ERCC1, and VEGF protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). EGFR gene copy number was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). One (1.7%) patient had an EGFR L858M point mutation in exon 21, 3 (5.0%) had K-Ras mutations, and 10 (19.6%) had EGFR amplification (FISH positive). Positive rates of EGFR, ERCC1, and VEGF proteins were 38.3%, 56.7%, and 70.0%, respectively. EGFR amplification was positively correlated to EGFR protein expression (r = 0.390, P = 0.005). The positive rate of VEGF protein was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without (84.6% vs. 58.8%, P = 0.046). No significant correlations were observed among the EGFR, K-Ras, ERCC1, and VEGF genes. EGFR gene amplification and the low rate of EGFR mutation suggest that patients with LCLC are likely to obtain little benefit from anti-EGFR therapies.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of large cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics and analyze the prognostic factors of large cell lung cancer (LCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 111 LCLC cases were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 111 cases, the lesions were in the right lung of 53 patients and 26 of them were located in the superior lobe. The lesions were in the left lung of 58 cases, and 35 of them were in the superior lobe. The lesions were presented as central in 36 cases and peripheral in 75 cases, with a mean diameter of 5.3 cm. All the 111 patients were diagnosed as stage I in 38 cases, stage II in 11 cases, stage III in 45 and stage IV in 17 cases. 60 patients had lymph node metastasis and 17 cases had distant metastasis. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of the LCLC were 54.7%, 30.9% and 20.6%, respectively. Cox univariate analysis revealed that TNM stage (P = 0.000), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.000) and M stage (P = 0.000) are prognostic factors. Cox multivariate analysis indicated that TNM stage (P = 0.000) is an independent prognostic factor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prognosis of LCLC is worse than other types of non-small cell lung cancer. Complete surgical resection remains the main therapeutic approach. TNM stage is an independent prognostic factor.</p>